Partition Resize

Как склонировать диск большего размера на меньший

Нужно скопировать систему целиком на меньший диск (на том диске с которого производится копирование есть свободное место)

Уменьшить размер файловой системы

Первым делом при необходимости отмонтировать ФС, затем принудительно проверить:

e2fsck -f /dev/sdb2

e2fsck 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Superblock needs_recovery flag is clear, but journal has data.
Run journal anyway<y>? yes
/dev/sdb2: recovering journal
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Free blocks count wrong (58146063, counted=58145530).
Fix<y>? yes
Free inodes count wrong (15244150, counted=15244035).
Fix<y>? yes

/dev/sdb2: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****
/dev/sdb2: 83197/15327232 files (0.2% non-contiguous), 3132934/61278464 blocks

Новый размер ФС - можно указывать в разных единицах

• S - 512 byte sectors
• K - kilobytes
• M - megabytes
• G - gigabytes

# resize2fs /dev/sdb2 80G
resize2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/sdb2 to 20971520 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/sdb2 is now 20971520 (4k) blocks long.

Проверить результат: Подмонтировать

mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt/

df -h .
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb2        78G  7.3G   67G  10% /mnt

и проверить полученный размер

Уменьшить размер партиции

tune2fs -l /dev/sdb2
tune2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Filesystem volume name:   <none>
Last mounted on:          /
Filesystem UUID:          bfc54566-94ff-418d-96f6-2231e8114932
Filesystem magic number:  0xEF53
Filesystem revision #:    1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features:      has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file dir_nlink extra_isize metadata_csum
Filesystem flags:         signed_directory_hash
Default mount options:    user_xattr acl
Filesystem state:         clean
Errors behavior:          Continue
Filesystem OS type:       Linux
Inode count:              5242880
Block count:              20971520
Reserved block count:     1048575
Free blocks:              18472633
Free inodes:              5159683
First block:              0
Block size:               4096
Fragment size:            4096
Group descriptor size:    64
Reserved GDT blocks:      1024
Blocks per group:         32768
Fragments per group:      32768
Inodes per group:         8192
Inode blocks per group:   512
Flex block group size:    16
Filesystem created:       Mon Dec 25 14:29:52 2023
Last mount time:          Fri Dec 29 12:12:41 2023
Last write time:          Fri Dec 29 12:12:41 2023
Mount count:              1
Maximum mount count:      -1
Last checked:             Fri Dec 29 12:10:35 2023
Check interval:           0 (<none>)
Lifetime writes:          12 GB
Reserved blocks uid:      0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid:      0 (group root)
First inode:              11
Inode size:	          256
Required extra isize:     32
Desired extra isize:      32
Journal inode:            8
Default directory hash:   half_md4
Directory Hash Seed:      e8656586-b6c5-483d-baa2-b38231103618
Journal backup:           inode blocks
Checksum type:            crc32c
Checksum:                 0xbac09600

Block count:              20971520
...
Block size:               4096

20971520 (blocks) * 4096 (bytes per block) = 85899345920 bytes

disk -l /dev/sdb
GPT PMBR size mismatch (490234751 != 3907029167) will be corrected by write.
The backup GPT table is not on the end of the device.
Disk /dev/sdb: 1.82 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Disk model: TOSHIBA DT01ACA2
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 36E6D5A9-BDEB-4DB7-BB57-2DF52482C79F

Device     Start       End   Sectors   Size Type
/dev/sdb1   2048      4095      2048     1M BIOS boot
/dev/sdb2   4096 490231807 490227712 233.8G Linux filesystem

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

85899345920 bytes / 512 bytes sector size = 167772160 sectors

Далее раздел сделать чуть более чем 167772160 и после чего расширить ФС вверх

parted
GNU Parted 3.4
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) unit s
(parted) select /dev/sdb
Using /dev/sdb
(parted) p
Warning: Not all of the space available to /dev/sdb appears to be used, you can fix the GPT to use all of the space (an extra 3416794416 blocks) or continue with the current setting?
Fix/Ignore? I
Model: ATA TOSHIBA DT01ACA2 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 3907029168s
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start  End         Size        File system  Name  Flags
 1      2048s  4095s       2048s                          bios_grub
 2      4096s  167772161s  167768066s  ext4

(parted) resizepart 2 167772162
(parted) p
Model: ATA TOSHIBA DT01ACA2 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 3907029168s
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start  End         Size        File system  Name  Flags
 1      2048s  4095s       2048s                          bios_grub
 2      4096s  167772162s  167768067s  ext4